Heat 2 teaspoons olive oil in a large soup pot or Dutch oven over medium heat.
Add 1 roughly chopped onion to the pot and cook, stirring occasionally, until softened and starting to turn golden, about 5 to 6 minutes.
Add 3 to 4 cloves roughly chopped garlic and 1 roughly chopped jalapeño pepper (seeds and stem removed) to the pot. Cook for 1 to 2 minutes until fragrant.
Season with kosher salt, freshly cracked black pepper, ¼ teaspoon dried oregano, ¼ teaspoon cumin, and ½ teaspoon ground chipotle pepper. Stir to toast the spices for about 30 seconds.
Pour in 1 (14-ounce) can fire-roasted tomatoes and green chiles (with their juices) and 3 cups chicken stock. Stir well, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom of the pot.
Bring the soup to a boil over medium-high heat, then reduce heat to maintain a gentle simmer. Let simmer for 10 minutes.
Stir in ¾ cup drained and rinsed black beans, ¾ cup frozen corn, and 1 cup shredded or chopped cooked turkey.
Continue cooking for 3 to 5 minutes until the turkey is warmed through and the corn is tender.
Taste and adjust seasoning with additional salt, pepper, or a squeeze of fresh lime juice.
Ladle into bowls and serve with desired toppings: shredded cheese, chopped cilantro, sour cream, sliced green onions, sliced avocado, and crushed tortilla chips or strips.